feat: add ruff linter & formatter (#22576)

* chore: add ruff linter with base config

* ci: add ruff pre-commit hook

* ci: add ruff github actions workflow

* ci: run ruff only on changed files

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+repos:
+  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
+    rev: v0.15.5
+    hooks:
+      - id: ruff
+        args: [--fix, backend]
+      - id: ruff-format
+        args: [backend]