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llama.cpp/tools/server/server.cpp
Pascal d73c1d6b22 server + ui: fix stream routes for model names containing a slash (#26137) 
* server + ui: refactor resumable stream routes to query string conv_id

The conversation id can embed a model name containing slashes
(ggml-org/...) in router mode, which the decoded path splits before the
:conv_id param is captured, so stop and resume never matched the
session. Move the id to the conv_id query string on the public routes
and on the internal router -> child hop, where slashes survive
encoding. Handlers are unchanged since query and path params land in
the same map. Add a regression test with a slashed model name.

* server: move stream route docs to server-stream.h

Address review: ngxson wants the main server.cpp registration code kept
clean and simple, with route-level explanations living in the header.
Move the query string rationale and the lookup ownership note next to
the handler declarations in server-stream.h, and shorten the wiring
comment to a pointer.

* server: cancel a pending request when its stream is stopped during model load

The conversation was registered in the conv map only after the blocking
autoload wait, so a stop issued while the model loaded found nothing to
cancel and the request went on to generate an orphan once the load
ended. Register the conversation before the wait and give the entry a
ticket: a stop erases the entry, and the parked request checks its
ticket after the wait and aborts with 400 instead of starting. A newer
request on the same conversation replaces the entry, so only the
stopped request is cancelled. Add a regression test that stops during
the load window.

* server + ui: resume a stream after a page reload during model load

A pending request died with the client socket when the page was
reloaded while its model was loading, so no session ever existed and
the conversation had nothing to recover. A session request that waited
for a load now detaches from the client socket and reaches the child
regardless, the session buffer receives the generation, and the resume
route answers 503 while the owner is loading so the client retries
instead of dropping its state. The WebUI persists the pending stream at
send time, quietly polls on 503, and attaches once the session exists.
Add a regression test that drops the client during the load window.

* ui: show the model load progress again after a page refresh

The resume wait was invisible, so a conversation refreshed while its
model was loading showed nothing until the first byte. On a 503 from
the resume probe, mark the conversation as loading again so the
assistant row persisted at send time renders the processing info, and
target the model frozen in the persisted stream state for the
progress, since the row has no model yet and the dropdown may not be
restored.

* fix CI

* fix CI bis
2026-07-27 07:34:47 +02:00

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#include "server-context.h"
#include "server-http.h"
#include "server-models.h"
#include "server-cors-proxy.h"
#include "server-stream.h"
#include "server-tools.h"
#include "arg.h"
#include "build-info.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "fit.h"
#include "llama.h"
#include "log.h"
#include <atomic>
#include <clocale>
#include <exception>
#include <signal.h>
#include <thread> // for std::thread::hardware_concurrency
#if defined(_WIN32)
#include <windows.h>
#endif
static std::function<void(int)> shutdown_handler;
static std::atomic_flag is_terminating = ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT;
static inline void signal_handler(int signal) {
if (is_terminating.test_and_set()) {
// in case it hangs, we can force terminate the server by hitting Ctrl+C twice
// this is for better developer experience, we can remove when the server is stable enough
fprintf(stderr, "Received second interrupt, terminating immediately.\n");
exit(1);
}
shutdown_handler(signal);
}
// satisfies -Wmissing-declarations (used by llama command)
int llama_server(int argc, char ** argv);
// to be used via CLI (argc / argv are used by router mode only)
int llama_server(common_params & params, int argc, char ** argv);
void llama_server_terminate();
void llama_server_terminate() {
if (shutdown_handler) {
shutdown_handler(0);
}
}
// wrapper function that handles exceptions and logs errors
// this is to make sure handler_t never throws exceptions; instead, it returns an error response
static server_http_context::handler_t ex_wrapper(server_http_context::handler_t func) {
return [func = std::move(func)](const server_http_req & req) -> server_http_res_ptr {
std::string message;
error_type error;
try {
return func(req);
} catch (const std::invalid_argument & e) {
// treat invalid_argument as invalid request (400)
error = ERROR_TYPE_INVALID_REQUEST;
message = e.what();
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
// treat other exceptions as server error (500)
error = ERROR_TYPE_SERVER;
message = e.what();
} catch (...) {
error = ERROR_TYPE_SERVER;
message = "unknown error";
}
auto res = std::make_unique<server_http_res>();
res->status = 500;
try {
json error_data = format_error_response(message, error);
res->status = json_value(error_data, "code", 500);
res->data = safe_json_to_str({{ "error", error_data }});
SRV_WRN("got exception: %s\n", res->data.c_str());
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
SRV_ERR("got another exception: %s | while handling exception: %s\n", e.what(), message.c_str());
res->data = "Internal Server Error";
}
return res;
};
}
int llama_server(int argc, char ** argv) {
std::setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
#ifndef _WIN32
// Ignore SIGPIPE so the server does not crash if an MCP child exits while we are writing to its stdin
signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif
// own arguments required by this example
common_params params;
common_init();
// start the stream session manager GC right after common init, before any HTTP route can
// touch it. lifecycle is symmetric, stop_gc() runs in clean_up() before backend free
server_stream_session_manager_start();
if (!common_params_parse(argc, argv, params, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_SERVER)) {
return 1;
}
llama_backend_init();
llama_numa_init(params.numa);
return llama_server(params, argc, argv);
}
int llama_server(common_params & params, int argc, char ** argv) {
bool is_run_by_cli = (argv == nullptr);
common_models_handler models_handler;
// note: router mode also accepts -hf remote-preset, so we need to check that first
if (!is_run_by_cli && !params.model.hf_repo.empty()) {
try {
models_handler = common_models_handler_init(params, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_SERVER);
if (common_models_handler_is_preset_repo(models_handler)) {
// apply the preset and start the server in router mode
common_models_handler_apply(models_handler, params);
}
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
SRV_ERR("failed to fetch model metadata: %s\n", e.what());
return 1;
}
}
// router server never loads a model and must not touch the GPU
const bool is_router_server = params.model.path.empty()
&& params.model.hf_repo.empty();
// skip device enumeration so the CUDA primary context stays uncreated
common_params_print_info(params, !is_router_server);
if (!is_router_server) {
// validate batch size for embeddings
// embeddings require all tokens to be processed in a single ubatch
// see https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/issues/12836
if (params.embedding && params.n_batch > params.n_ubatch) {
SRV_WRN("embeddings enabled with n_batch (%d) > n_ubatch (%d)\n", params.n_batch, params.n_ubatch);
SRV_WRN("setting n_batch = n_ubatch = %d to avoid assertion failure\n", params.n_ubatch);
params.n_batch = params.n_ubatch;
}
if (params.n_parallel < 0) {
SRV_TRC("%s", "n_parallel is set to auto, using n_parallel = 4 and kv_unified = true\n");
params.n_parallel = 4;
params.kv_unified = true;
}
}
// for consistency between server router mode and single-model mode, we set the same model name as alias
auto model_name = params.model.get_name();
if (params.model_alias.empty() && !model_name.empty()) {
params.model_alias.insert(model_name);
}
// note: this is guaranteed to out-live ctx_http and tools
server_mcp mcp_mgr;
// struct that contains llama context and inference
server_context ctx_server;
server_http_context ctx_http;
if (!ctx_http.init(params)) {
SRV_ERR("%s", "failed to initialize HTTP server\n");
return 1;
}
//
// Router
//
// register API routes
server_child child; // only used in non-router mode
server_routes routes(params, ctx_server);
server_tools tools;
std::optional<server_models_routes> models_routes{};
if (is_router_server) {
// setup server instances manager
try {
models_routes.emplace(params, argc, argv);
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
SRV_ERR("failed to initialize router models: %s\n", e.what());
return 1;
}
// proxy handlers
// note: routes.get_health stays the same
routes.get_metrics = models_routes->proxy_get;
routes.post_props = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_completions = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_completions_oai = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_chat_completions = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_control = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_responses_oai = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_transcriptions_oai = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_anthropic_messages = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_anthropic_count_tokens = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_infill = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_embeddings = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_embeddings_oai = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_rerank = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_tokenize = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_detokenize = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_apply_template = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_chat_completions_tok = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.post_responses_tok_oai = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.get_lora_adapters = models_routes->proxy_get;
routes.post_lora_adapters = models_routes->proxy_post;
routes.get_slots = models_routes->proxy_get;
routes.post_slots = models_routes->proxy_post;
// custom routes for router
routes.get_props = models_routes->get_router_props;
routes.get_models = models_routes->get_router_models;
ctx_http.post("/models", ex_wrapper(models_routes->post_router_models));
ctx_http.post("/models/load", ex_wrapper(models_routes->post_router_models_load));
ctx_http.post("/models/unload", ex_wrapper(models_routes->post_router_models_unload));
ctx_http.get ("/models/sse", ex_wrapper(models_routes->get_router_models_sse));
ctx_http.del ("/models", ex_wrapper(models_routes->del_router_models));
}
ctx_http.get ("/health", ex_wrapper(routes.get_health)); // public endpoint (no API key check)
ctx_http.get ("/v1/health", ex_wrapper(routes.get_health)); // public endpoint (no API key check)
ctx_http.get ("/metrics", ex_wrapper(routes.get_metrics));
ctx_http.get ("/props", ex_wrapper(routes.get_props));
ctx_http.post("/props", ex_wrapper(routes.post_props));
ctx_http.get ("/models", ex_wrapper(routes.get_models)); // public endpoint (no API key check)
ctx_http.get ("/v1/models", ex_wrapper(routes.get_models)); // public endpoint (no API key check)
ctx_http.post("/completion", ex_wrapper(routes.post_completions)); // legacy
ctx_http.post("/completions", ex_wrapper(routes.post_completions));
ctx_http.post("/v1/completions", ex_wrapper(routes.post_completions_oai));
ctx_http.post("/chat/completions", ex_wrapper(routes.post_chat_completions));
ctx_http.post("/v1/chat/completions", ex_wrapper(routes.post_chat_completions));
ctx_http.post("/v1/chat/completions/control", ex_wrapper(routes.post_control));
ctx_http.post("/v1/responses", ex_wrapper(routes.post_responses_oai));
ctx_http.post("/responses", ex_wrapper(routes.post_responses_oai));
ctx_http.post("/v1/audio/transcriptions", ex_wrapper(routes.post_transcriptions_oai));
ctx_http.post("/audio/transcriptions", ex_wrapper(routes.post_transcriptions_oai));
ctx_http.post("/v1/messages", ex_wrapper(routes.post_anthropic_messages)); // anthropic messages API
ctx_http.post("/infill", ex_wrapper(routes.post_infill));
ctx_http.post("/embedding", ex_wrapper(routes.post_embeddings)); // legacy
ctx_http.post("/embeddings", ex_wrapper(routes.post_embeddings));
ctx_http.post("/v1/embeddings", ex_wrapper(routes.post_embeddings_oai));
ctx_http.post("/rerank", ex_wrapper(routes.post_rerank));
ctx_http.post("/reranking", ex_wrapper(routes.post_rerank));
ctx_http.post("/v1/rerank", ex_wrapper(routes.post_rerank));
ctx_http.post("/v1/reranking", ex_wrapper(routes.post_rerank));
ctx_http.post("/tokenize", ex_wrapper(routes.post_tokenize));
ctx_http.post("/detokenize", ex_wrapper(routes.post_detokenize));
ctx_http.post("/apply-template", ex_wrapper(routes.post_apply_template));
// token counting
ctx_http.post("/chat/completions/input_tokens", ex_wrapper(routes.post_chat_completions_tok));
ctx_http.post("/v1/chat/completions/input_tokens", ex_wrapper(routes.post_chat_completions_tok));
ctx_http.post("/responses/input_tokens", ex_wrapper(routes.post_responses_tok_oai));
ctx_http.post("/v1/responses/input_tokens", ex_wrapper(routes.post_responses_tok_oai));
ctx_http.post("/v1/messages/count_tokens", ex_wrapper(routes.post_anthropic_count_tokens)); // anthropic token counting
// LoRA adapters hotswap
ctx_http.get ("/lora-adapters", ex_wrapper(routes.get_lora_adapters));
ctx_http.post("/lora-adapters", ex_wrapper(routes.post_lora_adapters));
// Save & load slots
ctx_http.get ("/slots", ex_wrapper(routes.get_slots));
ctx_http.post("/slots/:id_slot", ex_wrapper(routes.post_slots));
// resumable streaming: a child binds the local session factories, the router binds
// proxies that resolve the owning child, see server-stream.h
server_http_context::handler_t stream_get_h;
server_http_context::handler_t streams_lookup_h;
server_http_context::handler_t stream_delete_h;
if (is_router_server) {
stream_get_h = models_routes->router_stream_get;
streams_lookup_h = models_routes->router_streams_lookup;
stream_delete_h = models_routes->router_stream_delete;
} else {
stream_get_h = server_stream_make_get_handler();
streams_lookup_h = server_stream_make_lookup_handler();
stream_delete_h = server_stream_make_delete_handler();
}
ctx_http.get ("/v1/stream", ex_wrapper(stream_get_h));
ctx_http.post("/v1/streams/lookup", ex_wrapper(streams_lookup_h));
ctx_http.del ("/v1/stream", ex_wrapper(stream_delete_h));
// Google Cloud Platform (Vertex AI) compat
ctx_http.register_gcp_compat();
// return 403 for disabled features
server_http_context::handler_t res_403 = [](const server_http_req &) {
auto res = std::make_unique<server_http_res>();
res->status = 403;
res->data = safe_json_to_str({
{"error", {
{"message", "this feature is disabled"},
{"type", "feature_disabled"},
}}
});
return res;
};
if (params.cors_origins == "*" && params.api_keys.empty()) {
SRV_WRN("%s", "-----------------\n");
SRV_WRN("%s", "CORS is set to allow all origins ('*') and no API key is set\n");
SRV_WRN("%s", "this can be a security risk (cross-origin attacks)\n");
SRV_WRN("%s", "more info: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/25655\n");
SRV_WRN("%s", "-----------------\n");
}
// CORS proxy (EXPERIMENTAL, only used by the Web UI for MCP)
std::vector<std::string> warn_names;
if (is_router_server) {
warn_names.push_back("router mode");
}
if (params.ui_mcp_proxy) {
ctx_http.get ("/cors-proxy", ex_wrapper(proxy_handler_get));
ctx_http.post("/cors-proxy", ex_wrapper(proxy_handler_post));
warn_names.push_back("MCP proxy (experimental)");
} else {
ctx_http.get ("/cors-proxy", ex_wrapper(res_403));
ctx_http.post("/cors-proxy", ex_wrapper(res_403));
}
try {
mcp_mgr.start(params);
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
SRV_ERR("MCP starting failed: %s\n", e.what());
return 1;
}
if (!params.server_tools.empty() || !mcp_mgr.empty()) {
try {
tools.setup(params.server_tools, mcp_mgr);
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
SRV_ERR("tools setup failed: %s\n", e.what());
return 1;
}
ctx_http.get ("/tools", ex_wrapper(tools.handle_get));
ctx_http.post("/tools", ex_wrapper(tools.handle_post));
if (!params.server_tools.empty()) {
warn_names.push_back("built-in tools (experimental)");
}
if (!mcp_mgr.empty()) {
warn_names.push_back("MCP servers (experimental)");
}
} else {
ctx_http.get ("/tools", ex_wrapper(res_403));
ctx_http.post("/tools", ex_wrapper(res_403));
}
if (warn_names.size() > 0) {
SRV_WRN("%s", "-----------------\n");
SRV_WRN("%s", "the following feature(s) are enabled:\n");
for (const auto & name : warn_names) {
SRV_WRN(" %s\n", name.c_str());
}
SRV_WRN("%s", "do not expose the server to untrusted environments\n");
SRV_WRN("%s", "-----------------\n");
}
//
// Handle downloading model
//
if (child.is_child() && child.get_mode() == SERVER_CHILD_MODE_DOWNLOAD) {
return child.run_download(params);
} else if (!is_router_server && !is_run_by_cli) {
// single-model mode (NOT spawned by router)
// if this is invoked by CLI, model downloading should be already handled
try {
common_models_handler_apply(models_handler, params);
} catch (const std::exception & e) {
SRV_ERR("failed to download model: %s\n", e.what());
return 1;
}
}
//
// Start the server
//
std::function<void()> clean_up;
if (is_router_server) {
SRV_INF("%s", "starting server in router mode. models will be automatically loaded on-demand\n");
clean_up = [&models_routes, &mcp_mgr]() {
SRV_INF("%s: cleaning up before exit...\n", __func__);
// stop the session GC first, it finalizes live sessions and wakes pending readers
server_stream_session_manager_stop();
if (models_routes.has_value()) {
models_routes->stopping.store(true); // maybe redundant, but just to be safe
models_routes->models.unload_all();
}
mcp_mgr.shutdown();
llama_backend_free();
};
if (!ctx_http.start()) {
clean_up();
SRV_ERR("%s", "exiting due to HTTP server error\n");
return 1;
}
ctx_http.is_ready.store(true);
shutdown_handler = [&](int) {
if (models_routes.has_value()) {
// important to disconnect any SSE clients
models_routes->stopping.store(true);
}
mcp_mgr.shutdown();
ctx_http.stop();
};
} else {
// setup clean up function, to be called before exit
clean_up = [&ctx_http, &ctx_server, &mcp_mgr]() {
SRV_INF("%s: cleaning up before exit...\n", __func__);
// stop the session GC first, it finalizes live sessions and wakes pending readers
server_stream_session_manager_stop();
ctx_http.stop();
ctx_server.terminate();
mcp_mgr.shutdown();
llama_backend_free();
};
// start the HTTP server before loading the model to be able to serve /health requests
if (!ctx_http.start()) {
clean_up();
SRV_ERR("%s", "exiting due to HTTP server error\n");
return 1;
}
// setup communication child --> router if necessary
if (child.is_child()) {
ctx_server.set_state_callback([&](server_state state, json payload) {
child.notify_to_router(server_state_to_str(state), payload);
});
}
if (!ctx_server.load_model(params)) {
clean_up();
if (ctx_http.thread.joinable()) {
ctx_http.thread.join();
}
SRV_ERR("%s", "exiting due to model loading error\n");
return 1;
}
routes.update_meta(ctx_server);
ctx_http.is_ready.store(true);
SRV_INF("%s", "model loaded\n");
shutdown_handler = [&](int) {
mcp_mgr.shutdown();
// this will unblock start_loop()
ctx_server.terminate();
};
}
// register signal handler if not running by CLI
if (!is_run_by_cli) {
#if defined (__unix__) || (defined (__APPLE__) && defined (__MACH__))
struct sigaction sigint_action;
sigint_action.sa_handler = signal_handler;
sigemptyset (&sigint_action.sa_mask);
sigint_action.sa_flags = 0;
sigaction(SIGINT, &sigint_action, NULL);
sigaction(SIGTERM, &sigint_action, NULL);
#elif defined (_WIN32)
auto console_ctrl_handler = +[](DWORD ctrl_type) -> BOOL {
return (ctrl_type == CTRL_C_EVENT) ? (signal_handler(SIGINT), true) : false;
};
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(reinterpret_cast<PHANDLER_ROUTINE>(console_ctrl_handler), true);
#endif
}
SRV_INF("listening on %s\n", ctx_http.listening_address.c_str());
if (is_router_server) {
if (!params.models_preset_hf.empty()) {
SRV_WRN( "NOTE: using preset.ini from HF repo '%s'\n", params.models_preset_hf.c_str());
SRV_WRN("%s", " please only use presets that you can trust! Unknown presets may be unsafe\n");
}
if (ctx_http.thread.joinable()) {
ctx_http.thread.join(); // keep the main thread alive
}
// when the HTTP server stops, clean up and exit
clean_up();
} else {
// optionally, notify router server that this instance is ready
std::thread monitor_thread;
if (child.is_child()) {
monitor_thread = child.setup(shutdown_handler);
child.notify_to_router(server_state_to_str(SERVER_STATE_READY), routes.get_model_info());
}
// this call blocks the main thread until queue_tasks.terminate() is called
ctx_server.start_loop();
clean_up();
if (ctx_http.thread.joinable()) {
ctx_http.thread.join();
}
if (monitor_thread.joinable()) {
monitor_thread.join();
}
auto * ll_ctx = ctx_server.get_llama_context();
if (ll_ctx != nullptr) {
common_memory_breakdown_print(ll_ctx);
}
}
return 0;
}
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