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danielhanchen
58325573c9
The advice was applied per mapping: every mapping the model kept got
POSIX_MADV_RANDOM plus a whole-file POSIX_FADV_RANDOM, and the eager
pull-in was skipped for every file. On qwen4exp that also hit
token_embd.weight, which sits 0.33 GiB past the PLE table in the same
shard and is read densely, not by sparse gathers. Measured over
-c 512 --chunks 60 on IQ1_S it fell to 8.45% resident, against 100% with
the feature off.
A model now nominates its gather tables (qwen4exp: per_layer_tok_embd)
and only those byte ranges are advised. The range is rounded out to
whole pages, which on this model takes in 832 bytes before and 192
after. token_embd goes back to 86.55% resident and the PLE table still
drops to 4.44%; smaps shows one VM_RAND_READ VMA of exactly the table
instead of one over all 27.16 GiB that stays mapped.
posix_fadvise is dropped from the narrowed path. POSIX_FADV_RANDOM
ignores its offset and length and marks the whole open file, and the
FMODE_RANDOM it sets is only read by page_cache_sync_ra() on the read()
path, which a fault on a MADV_RANDOM vma never reaches. POSIX_FADV_
DONTNEED does take a range, so the drop mode keeps it.
The eager pull-in is now skipped only for the files holding a nominated
table, and re-issued as WILLNEED over the rest of such a file, so other
shards load exactly as before.
prefetch_rows() keys off the tensor being nominated rather than off a
mapping-level flag, so the batched readahead lands only where the advice
did.
-c 512 --chunks 60, cold, IQ1_S, mean of 3, total wall:
default 32.50 s
whole mapping 30.05 s
narrowed 30.35 s
PPL 4.2061 in all three. IQ1_S KLD is bit-identical with the feature on
and off, including Mean KLD 0.396070 +/- 0.001931 and Same top p
77.325%. tg128 73.65 +/- 0.33 narrowed against 73.49 +/- 0.34 whole.
Assisted-by: Claude
llama.cpp
LLM inference in C/C++
ggml / ops / maintainer PRs / dev stats / lib llama API / llama-server REST API
Quick start
A few options to get llama.cpp installed on your machine:
- Visit https://llama.app and follow the instructions
- Run with Docker - see our Docker documentation
- Download pre-built binaries from the releases page
- Build from source by cloning this repository - check out our build guide
Once installed:
# Download and run a model directly from Hugging Face
llama cli -hf ggml-org/Qwen3.5-0.8B-GGUF
# Launch OpenAI-compatible API server
llama serve -hf ggml-org/Qwen3.5-0.8B-GGUF
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Description
The main goal of llama.cpp is to enable LLM (and VLM) inference with minimal setup and state-of-the-art performance on
a wide range of hardware - locally and in the cloud.
- Plain C/C++ implementation without any dependencies
- Apple silicon is a first-class citizen - optimized via ARM NEON, Accelerate and Metal frameworks
- AVX, AVX2, AVX512 and AMX support for x86 architectures
- RVV, ZVFH, ZFH, ZICBOP and ZIHINTPAUSE support for RISC-V architectures
- 1.5-bit, 2-bit, 3-bit, 4-bit, 5-bit, 6-bit, and 8-bit integer quantization for faster inference and reduced memory use
- Custom CUDA kernels for running LLMs on NVIDIA GPUs (support for AMD GPUs via HIP and Moore Threads GPUs via MUSA)
- Vulkan and SYCL backend support
- CPU+GPU hybrid inference to partially accelerate models larger than the total VRAM capacity
The llama.cpp project is build on top of the ggml library.
Supported backends
| Backend | Target devices |
|---|---|
| BLAS | All |
| BLIS | All |
| CANN | Ascend NPU |
| CUDA | Nvidia GPU |
| HIP | AMD GPU |
| Hexagon [In Progress] | Snapdragon |
| IBM zDNN | IBM Z & LinuxONE |
| MUSA | Moore Threads GPU |
| Metal | Apple Silicon |
| OpenCL | Adreno GPU |
| OpenVINO [In Progress] | Intel CPUs, GPUs, and NPUs |
| RPC | All |
| SYCL | Intel GPU |
| VirtGPU | VirtGPU APIR |
| Vulkan | GPU |
| WebGPU | All |
| ZenDNN | AMD CPU |
Documentation
Tools
Development
- How to build
- Running on Docker
- Build on Android
- Multi-GPU usage
- Performance troubleshooting
- GGML tips & tricks
- XCFramework
- Completions
- Models
- Release process
Contributing
- Contributors can open PRs
- Collaborators will be invited based on contributions
- Maintainers can push to branches in the
llama.cpprepo and merge PRs into themasterbranch - Any help with managing issues, PRs and projects is very appreciated!
- Read the CONTRIBUTING.md for more information
Acknowledgements
- yhirose/cpp-httplib - Single-header HTTP server, used by
llama-server- MIT license - nothings/stb - Single-header image format decoder, used by multimodal subsystem - Public domain
- nlohmann/json - Single-header JSON library, used by various tools/examples - MIT License
- mackron/miniaudio - Single-header audio format decoder, used by multimodal subsystem - Public domain
- sheredom/subprocess.h - Single-header process launching solution for C and C++ - Public domain